Childcare Educators’ Perceptions of and Solutions to Reducing Sitting Time in Young Children: A Qualitative Study     

Yvonne G. Ellis  Dylan P. Cliff  Anthony D. Okely 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2018,46(4):377-385

Young children spend a high proportion of their time at childcare sitting. Reducing sitting time or breaking up prolonged periods of sitting may be positively associated with health outcomes among children. The purpose of this study was to identify childcare educators’ perceptions of what environmental and policy modifications could be made within early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings to reduce sitting time among children during childcare. Eighty-seven educators from 11 ECEC centres participated in 11 focus groups between September 2013 and November 2013. Each focus group was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. A semi-structured schedule was developed to investigate the educators’ perceptions of the influences on children’s sitting time at childcare. A problem–solution tree was developed to determine potential solutions for reducing total and prolonged sitting time in young children at childcare. Most educators were unaware of the high levels of sitting time among young children. Educators identified that childcare practices, the physical environment and the weather were factors that influenced children’s sitting time. Potential solutions to reduce sitting time were to break-up prolonged sitting time by using movement breaks, standing desks, movement transitions between activities, relocating key facilities around the space to promote movement, and integrating movement during learning activities. Also, educators suggested that posters could be used to increase awareness among educators about the benefits of reducing sitting time. Educators identified key practices that could be modified to reduce young children’s sitting time in childcare. These potential solutions should be evaluated to understand their effectiveness.  相似文献   

The influence of personal attitude on instructor intent to integrate online collaborative activities     

Valaitis  Karen L.  Ellis  Holly  Hastings  Nancy B.  Havard  Byron 《Education and Information Technologies》2022,27(4):5277-5299

Education and Information Technologies - Collaborative activities are a method used in higher education to develop the higher-order skills that students need to succeed in today’s workforce....  相似文献   

“All methods—and wedded to none”1: The deaf education methods debate and progressive educational reform in Toronto,Canada, 1922–1945     

Jason A. Ellis 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(3):371-389

This article is about the deaf education methods debate in the public schools of Toronto, Canada. The author demonstrates how pure oralism (lip-reading and speech instruction to the complete exclusion of sign language) and day school classes for deaf schoolchildren were introduced as a progressive school reform in 1922. Plans for further oralist reforms in 1945 brought significant opposition from a deaf political organisation – the Ontario Association of the Deaf (OAD).

The author situates the Toronto battle over methods between progressive educators and deaf people in the longer historical and larger transnational context of debates over oral and manual methods. The author’s examination of the Toronto methods debate raises and answers crucial critical questions about the contested nature of progressive school reforms by examining grassroots responses to reform. The author also places significant emphasis on the effects of reforms on deaf young people who received instruction. The pure oralist method was never as successful for deaf young people as oralists claimed it could be. Yet deaf youngsters felt more ambivalent about the methods than hearing school officials and parents, and deaf adults, did. Historical issues in deaf education that the author examines continue to be controversial today.  相似文献   

Predicting long-term outcomes for women sexually abused in childhood: contribution of abuse severity versus family environment     

Fassler IR  Amodeo M  Griffin ML  Clay CM  Ellis MA 《Child abuse & neglect》2005,29(3):269-284

OBJECTIVE: Child sexual abuse (CSA) has been associated with adverse adult psychosocial outcomes, although some reports describe minimal long-term effects. The search for explanations for the heterogeneous outcomes in women with CSA has led to an examination of a range of CSA-related factors, from the severity of individual CSA incidents to the childhood family environment. This study compares three factors for predicting adult outcomes: a multidimensional CSA Severity Scale, the presence or absence of CSA, and family environment. METHODS: The effect of CSA on adult outcomes was examined among 290 community-dwelling women raised in intact families. Standardized measures and a focused interview were used to collect data, with siblings as collateral informants. RESULTS: Comparison of a multidimensional CSA Severity Scale to a dichotomous measure of the presence or absence of CSA showed that the Severity Scale did not have greater predictive value for adult outcomes than the dichotomous measure, nor was it as parsimonious. Childhood family environment scales added significantly to the predictive ability of the dichotomous measure. CONCLUSION: The specific characteristics of a CSA experience may be less important than the occurrence of CSA and the family environment of women for predicting long-term outcomes.  相似文献   

It's a Breakthrough – An Account of New Resources for Schools     

Ellis  P.R. 《Science & Education》2003,12(4):421-427

Breakthrough is a new publicationproviding teachers with informationand activities about scientists pastand present. This short paper discusses theneed for such resources and describesinitial attempts to meet that need on aregular basis.  相似文献   

Actual Texts,Possible Meanings: The Uses of Poetry and the Subjunctification of Experience     

Andrew Green  Viv Ellis  Karen Simecek 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2016,23(4):351-362

Abstract

Jerome Bruner’s experiment over 30 years ago suggested that imaginative literature had greater affordances for the ‘subjunctification’ of experience by those who heard it read aloud than did transactional prose such as a news article. By ‘subjunctification’, Bruner meant the capacity to use the resource (the short story, for example) to transform one’s experience of the world, to render understanding in more complex ways and to do more than get things done as they have always been done. This paper reports on a small-scale replication of the experiment that sought to measure differences in the affordances of poetry being read aloud compared to hearing a short story or a news article.  相似文献   

The Notion of Creativity in Art and the Influence of Cultural Exposure     

Neville John Ellis  Tay-Koay Siew Luan 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1995,15(2):52-63

This study investigates how art teachers judge the creativity of student art work. Both conceptual and operational definitions given by teachers were studied. Furthermore, cultural exposure as measured by a teacher's exposure to non-Asian cultures, was studied to see how it might influence art teachers' judgements. Two instruments were developed for the purpose of this study. One instrument was a questionnaire designed to collect qualitative data from the respondents. The second instrument was used to measure art teachers' ratings of creativity. The data revealed that the conceptual definitions given by art teachers varied considerably. However, when asked to rate subjectively the creativity of art products, moderate agreement was reached among art teachers. Exposure to non-Asian cultures did not seem to have an effect on an art teachers' operational definition of creativity. Results of the study imply that the usefulness of the term creativity needs to be reviewed in general usage and in documents such as curricula. It would seem that there is not a clear notion among art teachers as to what constitutes creativity and a creative product.  相似文献   

Does father absence place daughters at special risk for early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy?   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Ellis BJ  Bates JE  Dodge KA  Fergusson DM  Horwood LJ  Pettit GS  Woodward L 《Child development》2003,74(3):801-821

The impact of father absence on early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy was investigated in longitudinal studies in the United States (N = 242) and New Zealand (N = 520), in which community samples of girls were followed prospectively from early in life (5 years) to approximately age 18. Greater exposure to father absence was strongly associated with elevated risk for early sexual activity and adolescent pregnancy. This elevated risk was either not explained (in the US. study) or only partly explained (in the New Zealand study) by familial, ecological, and personal disadvantages associated with father absence. After controlling for covariates, there was stronger and more consistent evidence of effects of father absence on early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy than on other behavioral or mental health problems or academic achievement. Effects of father absence are discussed in terms of life-course adversity, evolutionary psychology, social learning, and behavior genetic models.  相似文献   

The Production of World Wide Web Multimedia Resources by Australian Universities – An Institutional Analysis     

Roger Debreceny  Allan Ellis 《Education and Information Technologies》2000,5(1):7-18

World Wide Web (WWW) home pages are now ubiquitous for universities around the world. A university home page is the first place that many stakeholders will visit for research on the university or for information on a variety of topics. It was hypothesised that the size and nature of universities and their investment in the staffing of WWW sites will determine the level of output of WWW sites. A WWW-based survey was conducted of Webmanagers at all universities in Australia. A response rate of 80% was achieved. The number of services provided, the number of pages made available and the number of pages that are changed on a regular basis were alternative measures of output. The hypothesised relationships were not supported. The study found that universities are providing a wide range of services with low levels of staffing.  相似文献   

Ameliorating Early Reading Failure by Integrating the Teaching of Reading and Phonological Skills: The Phonological Linkage Hypothesis   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

Peter J. Hatcher  Charles Hulme  rew W. Ellis 《Child development》1994,65(1):41-57

We present a longitudinal intervention study of children experiencing difficulties in the early stages of learning to read. Our subjects, 7-year-old poor readers, were divided into 4 matched groups and assigned to 1 of 3 experimental teaching conditions: Reading with Phonology, Reading Alone, Phonology Alone, and a Control. Although the Phonology Alone group showed most improvement on phonological tasks, the Reading with Phonology group made most progress in reading. These results show that interventions to boost phonological skills need to be integrated with the teaching of reading if they are to be maximally effective in improving literacy skills.  相似文献